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Gas Foam Flooding (N2, CO2, etc.):

Introduction

Gas Foam Flooding is an enhanced oil recovery process in which gas (widely Co2 and N2), is injected into the reservoir to recover the remainder oil left behind after the primary recovery.

Gas Flooding and its drawbacks

Gas Flooding, majorly Co2 gas flooding has been a significant miscible conventional (light) oil recovery process. In which mechanisms such as reduced oil viscosity, decreased interfacial tension and miscibility with oil, are improved, contributing towards improved oil recovery. Drawbacks from gas flooding, viscous fingering and gas channeling were minimized by injecting surfactant solution alternating CO2 (SAG) and co-injection of surfactant solution and CO2 were used for the generation of foam in the reservoir which would reduce the mobility of gas and increase the sweep efficiency (Pang, 2010; Zhang et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2014; Ren et al., 2013). There are two main reasons for this: first, in heavy oil reservoirs CO2 lacks acceptable sweep efficiency due to a large viscosity contrast between CO2 and oil; second, CO2 diffusion is very slow in such viscous oils, hence, it takes an extended period for CO2 to meet the bypassed oil after breakthrough.