File:Applied Well Test Interpretation.jpg

Summary

Applied Well Test Interpretation

John P. Spivey and W. John Lee

2013

386 pp.;Softcover

SPE Textbook Series Vol. 13

ISBN:978-1-61399-307-1

Society of Petroleum Engineers

Preview

Well test interpretation, which is the process of obtaining information about a reservoir by analyzing the pressure transient response caused by a change in production rate, plays a very important part in making overall reservoir-management decisions. From the authors of Pressure Transient Testing and Well Testing, Spivey and Lee introduce the readers of Applied Well Test Interpretation to the fundamentals of this critical piece of decision-making by focusing on the most basic well testing scenario; a single-well test on a well producing a single-phase fluid, from a single-layer, homogeneous reservoir. Available in print, digital, and digital rental formats.

John Spivey is the founder of Phoenix Reservoir Engineering and Phoenix Reservoir Software, LLC. Previously, he worked as a consultant for S.A. Holditch & Associates (later acquired by Schlumberger), where he specialized in production data analysis, pressure transient analysis, and numerical reservoir simulation for low-permeability gas reservoirs. He also worked for SoftSearch, Inc./Dwights EnergyData, developing PC-based graphical decline curve analysis and petroleum economics software. Spivey has designed and developed software for well test analysis and production data analysis and taught industry short courses in well test analysis, production data analysis, and production enhancement. He has served on the faculty or adjunct faculty at Abilene Christian University, Texas A&M University, and Montana Tech. Spivey holds a BS degree in physics from Abilene Christian University, an MS degree in physics from the University of Washington, and a PhD degree in petroleum engineering from Texas A&M University. He is a co-author of two books, including the SPE textbook Pressure Transient Testing; he also chaired the selection committees for the SPE Reprint Series volumes Gas Reservoir Engineering and Pressure Transient Testing.

John Lee is Professor of Petroleum Engineering and holder of the Cullen Distinguished University Chair at the University of Houston. Lee worked for ExxonMobil early in his career and specialized in integrated reservoir studies. He later joined the Petroleum Engineering faculty at Texas A&M and became the Regents Professor of Reservoir Engineering. While at A&M, he also served as a consultant with S.A. Holditch & Associates, where he specialized in reservoir engineering aspects of unconventional gas resources. Lee joined the University of Houston faculty in September 2011. He served as an Academic Engineering Fellow with the US Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) in Washington during 2007-2008 and was a principal architect of the modernized SEC rules for reporting oil and gas reserves. He holds BS, MS, and PhD degrees in chemical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Lee is the author of three textbooks published by SPE and has received numerous SPE awards, including the Anthony F. Lucas Gold Medal, the DeGloyer Distinguished Service Medal, and the Honorary Membership. He is a member of the US National Academy of Engineering and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Acknowledgments
• 1. Introduction to Applied Well Test Interpretation
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Applications of Well Testing
• 1.3 Alternatives to Conventional Well Testing
• 1.4 Forward and Inverse Problems
• 1.5 Well Test Interpretation Methods
• 1.6 Rock and Fluid Properties
• 1.7 Graph Scales
• 1.8 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 2. Fluid Flow in Porous Media
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Steady-State Flow
• 2.3 Development of the Diffusivity Equation
• 2.4 Infinite-Acting Radial Flow - Ei-Function Solution
• 2.5 Principle of Superposition
• 2.6 Radius of Investigation
• 2.7 Damage and Stimulation
• 2.8 Pseudosteady-State Flow
• 2.9 Wellbore Storage
• 2.10 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 3. Radial Flow Semilog Analysis
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Drawdown Tests
• 3.3 Buildup Test Following Constant-Rate Production
• 3.4 Estimating Average Reservoir Pressure
• 3.5 Flow Rate Variations Before Shut-In
• 3.6 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 4. Log-Log Type Curve Analysis
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Dimensionless Variables
• 4.3 Gringarten-Bourdet Type Curves
• 4.4 Manual Parameter Estimation Using the Log-Log Plot
• 4.5 Calculating the Logarithmic Derivative From Field Data
• 4.6 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 5. Pressure Transient Testing for Gas Wells
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Gas Flow Equation
• 5.3 Gas-Well Drawdown Tests
• 5.4 Gas-Well Buildup Tests
• 5.5 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 6. Flow Regimes and the Diagnostic Plot
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Power-Law Function Pressure Response
• 6.3 Radial Flow
• 6.4 Linear Flow
• 6.5 Volumetric Behavior
• 6.6 Spherical Flow
• 6.7 Bilinear Flow
• 6.8 Other Flow Regimes
• 6.9 Practical Aspects of Flow Regime Indentification
• 6.10 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 7. Bounded Reservoir Behavior
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Types of Boundaries
• 7.3 Linear Boundaries
• 7.4 Circular Reservoir Boundaries
• 7.5 Multiple Linear Boundaries
• 7.6 Composite Reservoir Models
• 7.7 Summary
• 8. Variable Flow Rate History
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Methods for Variable Rate/Variable Pressure Problems
• 8.3 Effect of Boundaries on a Subsequent Buildup
• 8.4 Spatial Interpretation of Flow Rate History
• 8.5 Effect of a Change in Flow Rate on a Subsequent Buildup Test
• 8.6 Convolution and Deconvolution
• 8.7 Rate Normalization
• 8.8 Deconvolution
• 8.9 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 9. Wellbore Phenomena
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Variable Wellbore Storage
• 9.3 Cleanup
• 9.4 Movement of Gas-Liquid Interface in Wellbore
• 9.5 Activity During Operations
• 9.6 Pressure Oscillations
• 9.7 Gauge Problems
• 9.8 Data Processing Errors and Artifacts
• 9.9 Distinguishing Wellbore Phenomena From Reservoir Phenomena
• 9.10 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 10. Near-Wellbore Phenomena
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Finite-THickness Skin Factor
• 10.3 Perforated Completion
• 10.4 Partial Penetration/Limited Entry Completion
• 10.5 Deviated Wellbore
• 10.6 Rate-Dependent Skin Factor
• 10.7 Rate-Dependent Skin Factor and Wellbore Storage
• 10.8 Estimating Non-Darcy Coefficient D From Multiple Transient Tests
• 10.9 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 11. Well Test Interpretation Workflow
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Collect Data
• 11.3 Review and Quality Control Data
• 11.4 Deconvolve Data
• 11.5 Identify Flow Regimes
• 11.6 Select Reservoir Model
• 11.7 Estimate Model Parameters
• 11.8 Simulate or History-Match Pressure Response
• 11.9 Calculate Confidence Intervals
• 11.10 Interpret Model Parameters
• 11.11 Validate Results
• 11.12 Field Example
• 11.13 Summary
• Nomenclature
• 12. Well Test Design Workflow
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Typical Test Design Scenarios
• 12.3 Define Test Objectives
• 12.4 Consider Alternatives to Conventional Well Testing
• 12.5 Collect Data
• 12.6 Estimate Reservoir Properties
• 12.7 Permeability Estimates
• 12.8 Estimate Test Duration To Reach Desired Flow Regime
• 12.9 Estimate Test Duration Based on Economics
• 12.10 Estimate Test Rate and Determine Flow Rate Sequence
• 12.11 Estimate Magnitude of Pressure Response
• 12.12 Select Gauges
• 12.13 Simulate Test
• 12.14 Design Example
• 12.15 Summary
• Nomenclature
• References
• Author Index
• Subject Index

Template:Information

Licensing

Template:Self